Effect of Vitamin D status on QTc interval in type 2 diabetes mellitus

J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol. 2020 Nov 19;32(3):163-167. doi: 10.1515/jbcpp-2019-0085.

Abstract

Objectives: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with autonomic neuropathy and metabolic abnormalities. These predispose the patients to prolongation of QTc and risk of arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. Vitamin D may also cause QTc prolongation. We hypothesized that concomitant Vitamin D deficiency and Type 2 DM may act in synergy to prolong QTc interval.

Methods: Newly diagnosed Type 2 DM patients were recruited from Department of Endocrinology. Lead II ECG was acquired for 5 min during supine rest using a digital data acquisition system. QTc interval extraction was performed using software. 25-hydroxy Vitamin D estimation was done using Chemiluminescence method. Patients were divided into two groups- Vitamin D deficient and insufficient (VDD/I) and optimal (VDO) as per standard criteria. QTc intervals were compared between the two groups.

Results: Sixty-five patients participated in the study. Age was comparable between the groups (p=0.67, Unpaired t-test). There was no significant difference amongst QTc intervals between the groups (p=0.19, Mann Whitney test). Also, there was no significant correlation between Vitamin D levels and QTc intervals assessed using Spearman's correlation coefficient.

Conclusions: While it seems plausible, coexisting Vitamin D deficiency and Type 2 DM probably do not act in synergy to prolong QTc interval. These findings merit future research on larger cohorts to investigate the relationship between Vitamin D status and newly diagnosed Type 2 DM on QTc intervals.

Keywords: ECG; QT interval; type 2 diabetes; vitamin D.

Publication types

  • Observational Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Autonomic Nervous System
  • Blood Glucose
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / epidemiology*
  • Electrocardiography
  • Female
  • Glycated Hemoglobin
  • Humans
  • Long QT Syndrome / epidemiology*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Vitamin D / analogs & derivatives
  • Vitamin D / blood
  • Vitamin D Deficiency / epidemiology*

Substances

  • Blood Glucose
  • Glycated Hemoglobin A
  • Vitamin D
  • 25-hydroxyvitamin D