Molecular Epidemiology of Human Papillomaviruses, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis and Mycoplasma genitalium among Female Sex Workers in Burkina Faso: Prevalence, Coinfections and Drug Resistance Genes

Sessi Frida Tovo; Théodora Mahoukèdè Zohoncon; Amana Metuor Dabiré; Régine Ilboudo; Rahimatou Yasmine Tiemtoré; Dorcas Obiri-Yeboah; Albert Théophane Yonli; Essi Etonam Dovo; Rogomenoma Alice Ouédraogo; Abdoul Karim Ouattara; Pegdwende Abel Sorgho; Djénéba Ouermi; Florencia Wendkuuni Djigma; Charlemagne Ouédraogo; Lassana Sangaré; Jacques Simpore

doi:10.3390/tropicalmed6020090

Molecular Epidemiology of Human Papillomaviruses, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis and Mycoplasma genitalium among Female Sex Workers in Burkina Faso: Prevalence, Coinfections and Drug Resistance Genes

Trop Med Infect Dis. 2021 May 27;6(2):90. doi: 10.3390/tropicalmed6020090.

Authors

Sessi Frida Tovo^{1

2

3}, Théodora Mahoukèdè Zohoncon^{1

2

3

4}, Amana Metuor Dabiré^{1

5}, Régine Ilboudo², Rahimatou Yasmine Tiemtoré^{1

2}, Dorcas Obiri-Yeboah⁶, Albert Théophane Yonli^{1

2}, Essi Etonam Dovo^{1

2

3}, Rogomenoma Alice Ouédraogo^{1

2}, Abdoul Karim Ouattara^{1

2}, Pegdwende Abel Sorgho^{1

2}, Djénéba Ouermi^{1

2}, Florencia Wendkuuni Djigma^{1

2}, Charlemagne Ouédraogo², Lassana Sangaré^{7

8}, Jacques Simpore^{1

2

3

4}

Affiliations

¹ Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Molecular Genetics (LABIOGENE), Ouagadougou BP 7021, Burkina Faso.
² Biomolecular Research Center Pietro Annigoni (CERBA), Ouagadougou BP 364, Burkina Faso.
³ Saint Camille Hospital of Ouagadougou (HOSCO), Ouagadougou BP 444, Burkina Faso.
⁴ Faculty of Health Sciences, University Saint Thomas d'Aquin (USTA), Ouagadougou BP 10212, Burkina Faso.
⁵ Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Dédougou, Dédougou BP 176, Burkina Faso.
⁶ Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast P.O. Box 5007, Ghana.
⁷ Department of Bacteriology-Virology, University Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou BP 7021, Burkina Faso.
⁸ Laboratory of Bacteriology and Virology, Yalgado Ouédraogo University Hospital, Ouagadougou BP 5234, Burkina Faso.

Abstract

Viral and bacterial infections represent an occupational risk for female sex workers. This study aimed at determining HPV coinfection with genital pathogens among female sex workers in West and Central Africa and identifying antibiotic resistance genes. A total of 182 samples from female sex workers were analyzed by real-time PCR and classic PCR. For the molecular diagnosis of HPV, the real-time multiplex amplification kit "HPV Genotypes 14 Real-TM Quant" from SACACE Biotechnologies^®, detecting 14 high-risk HPV genotypes, was used, while for other pathogens, the real-time multiplex amplification kit N. gonorrhoeae/C. trachomatis/M. genitalium/T. vaginalis Real-TM, allowing their simultaneous detection, was used. The women were aged 17-50 years with an average age of 27.12 ± 6.09 years. The pathogens identified were HPV 54.94% (100/120), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (13.74%), Chlamydia trachomatis (11.54%) and Mycoplasma genitalium (11.54%). The most common HPV genotypes were HPV68, HPV38 and HPV52. The antibiotic resistance genes identified were bla _{QNR B} 24.00%, bla _GES 22.00%, bla _SHV 17.00%, bla_CTX-M 13.00% and bla _{QNR S} 1.00%. This study revealed the presence of various HPV genotypes associated with other pathogens with problems of antibiotic resistance among sex workers of West and Central African origin working in Ouagadougou.

Keywords: HPV; Neisseriae gonorrhoeae; PCR; STIs; resistance genes; sex workers.