In a 6-week double-blind trial, the efficacy of imipramine and high dose phenelzine were compared in the treatment of Major Depression with Melancholia, and Dysthymic Disorder (DSM-III). Both drugs were found to be equally efficacious in the treatment of 32 patients suffering from Major Depression. In 32 Dysthymic patients, phenelzine in high doses was found to be superior to imipramine. The clinical implications of these findings are discussed.