How we treat HER2-positive brain metastases

ESMO Open. 2021 Oct;6(5):100256. doi: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2021.100256. Epub 2021 Sep 2.

Abstract

Overexpression of the human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2)/neu glycoprotein receptor in breast cancer is associated with increased risk of brain metastases, especially in patients with advanced disease. Improvements in the treatment of HER2-positive breast cancer has led to prolonged survival of patients with advanced disease, but the prevention and management of central nervous system metastases still poses unique clinical challenges given the associated morbidity and mortality of this site of disease. HER2-positive brain metastases are treated with surgery, radiation (stereotactic radiosurgery or whole brain radiotherapy), and systemic therapies, and are best managed by an experienced multidisciplinary team. The present article aims to provide an overview to our approach to treatment of HER2-positive brain metastases, including a review of agents with central nervous system activity, as well as management suggestions for several nuanced clinical scenarios.

Keywords: CNS metastases; HER2; HER2-positive; brain metastases; breast cancer; treatment.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Brain Neoplasms* / therapy
  • Breast Neoplasms* / drug therapy
  • Epidermal Growth Factor
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Radiosurgery*
  • Receptor, ErbB-2 / genetics

Substances

  • Epidermal Growth Factor
  • Receptor, ErbB-2