Detection and characterization of a rare two-component lantibiotic, amyloliquecidin GF610 produced by Bacillus velezensis, using a combination of culture, molecular and bioinformatic analyses

J Appl Microbiol. 2022 Feb;132(2):994-1007. doi: 10.1111/jam.15290. Epub 2021 Sep 15.

Abstract

Aim: To detect and characterize novel lantibiotics from a collection of Bacillus spp. using a multifaceted analytical approach.

Methods and results: A previously completed microassay identified 45 Bacillus isolates with anti-Listeria activity. The isolates were PCR screened using degenerate primers targeting conserved sequences in lanM-type lantibiotics. B. velezensis GF610 produced a PCR product whose sequence, along with genome mining and bioinformatics, guided the liquid chromatographic analysis of strain's cell-free extracts and the mass spectrometry of purified fractions. Results revealed a new amyloliquecidin variant (designated GF610) produced by the strain. Amyloliquecidin GF610 is a two-component lantibiotic with α and β peptides having monoisotopic masses of 3026 and 2451 Da, and molecular formulae C130 H191 N35 O39 S5 and C110 H158 N26 O30 S4 , respectively. Amyloliquecidin GF610 is active against Listeria monocytogenes, Clostridium sporogenes, Clostridioides difficile, Staphylococcus aureus and Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) in the range of 0.5-7.0 µmol l-1 .

Conclusions: The proposed multifaceted analytical approach was valuable to provide a deep and proper characterization of a novel bacteriocin, amyloliquecidin GF610, with high antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive bacteria.

Significance and impact: The discovered Amyloliquecidin GF610 is potentially useful in food, agricultural or medical applications. The analytical approach followed may facilitate future discoveries of two-component lantibiotics, which are challenging compounds to detect and characterize.

Keywords: Bacillus velezensis; amyloliquecidin; antimicrobial discovery; antimicrobial peptide; lantibiotic; two-component.

MeSH terms

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology
  • Bacillus* / genetics
  • Bacteriocins* / genetics
  • Bacteriocins* / pharmacology
  • Computational Biology
  • Microbial Sensitivity Tests

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Bacteriocins

Supplementary concepts

  • Bacillus velezensis