Asthma and COVID-19: lessons learned and questions that remain

Expert Rev Respir Med. 2021 Nov;15(11):1377-1386. doi: 10.1080/17476348.2021.1985763. Epub 2021 Oct 14.

Abstract

Introduction: Asthma is one of the most common chronic diseases worldwide. As a disease of the respiratory tract, the site of entry for the SARS-CoV-2 virus, there may be an important interplay between asthma and COVID-19 disease.

Areas covered: We report asthma prevalence among hospitalized cohorts with COVID-19. Those with non-allergic and severe asthma may be at increased risk of a worsened clinical outcome from COVID-19 infection. We explore the epidemiology of asthma as a risk factor for the severity of COVID-19 infection. We then consider the role COVID-19 may play in leading to exacerbations of asthma. The impact of asthma endotype on outcome is discussed. Lastly, we address the safety of common asthma therapeutics. A literature search was performed with relevant terms for each of the sections of the review using PubMed, Google Scholar, and Medline.

Expert opinion: Asthma diagnosis may be a risk factor for severe COVID-19 especially for those with severe disease or nonallergic phenotypes. COVID-19 does not appear to provoke asthma exacerbations and asthma therapeutics should be continued for patients with exposure to COVID-19. Clearly much regarding this topic remains unknown and we identify some key questions that may be of interest for future researchers.[Figure: see text].

Keywords: COVID-19; asthma; asthma epidemiology; asthma genetics; asthma treatment.

MeSH terms

  • Asthma* / diagnosis
  • Asthma* / epidemiology
  • COVID-19*
  • Humans
  • Prevalence
  • Risk Factors
  • SARS-CoV-2