Protocol for analyzing and visualizing antiviral immune responses after acute infection of the murine oral mucosa

John P Shannon; Christian R Cherry; Sophia M Vrba; Heather D Hickman

doi:10.1016/j.xpro.2021.100790

Protocol for analyzing and visualizing antiviral immune responses after acute infection of the murine oral mucosa

STAR Protoc. 2021 Sep 23;2(4):100790. doi: 10.1016/j.xpro.2021.100790. eCollection 2021 Dec 17.

Authors

John P Shannon¹, Christian R Cherry¹, Sophia M Vrba¹, Heather D Hickman¹

Affiliation

¹ Viral Immunity and Pathogenesis Unit, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.

Abstract

The oral mucosa is an important site for virus infection and transmission, yet few animal models exist to examine the virology, pathology, and immunology of acute oral mucosal viral infection. Here, we provide a protocol for infecting and imaging the inner lip (labial mucosa) of mice with the poxvirus vaccinia virus (VACV). Inoculation of the labial mucosa with a bifurcated needle results in viral replication and priming of an adaptive antiviral response that can be imaged using intravital microscopy. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Shannon et al. (2021).

Keywords: Flow Cytometry/Mass Cytometry; Immunology; Microbiology; Microscopy.

Publication types

Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural

MeSH terms

Animals
Antiviral Agents / pharmacology*
Disease Models, Animal*
Female
Mice
Mouth Mucosa* / drug effects
Mouth Mucosa* / immunology
Mouth Mucosa* / virology
Poxviridae Infections* / immunology
Poxviridae Infections* / virology
Vaccinia virus / drug effects*

Substances

Antiviral Agents