1 Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA jeremy.puthumana@yale.edu.
2 Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
3 Yale National Clinician Scholars Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
4 Division of Health Care Delivery Research, Robert D. and Patricia E. Kern Center for the Science of Health Care Delivery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.
5 Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.