Risk factor-based optimal endoscopic surveillance intervals after endoscopic submucosal dissection for gastric adenoma

Sci Rep. 2021 Nov 1;11(1):21408. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-00969-1.

Abstract

To date, there exists no established endoscopic surveillance interval strategy after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for gastric adenoma. In this study, we suggest a risk factor-based statistical model for optimal surveillance intervals for gastric adenoma after ESD with curative resection. A cox proportional hazard model was applied to identify risk factors for recurrence after ESD. Patients (n = 698) were categorized into groups based on the identified risk factors. The cumulative density of recurrence over time was computed using a cubic splined baseline hazard function, and the customized surveillance interval was modeled for each risk group. The overall cumulative incidence of recurrence was 7.3% (n = 51). Risk factors associated with recurrence were male (hazard ratio [HR], 2.60, P = 0.030), protruded scar (HR, 3.18, P < 0.001), and age ≥ 59 years (HR, 1.05, P < 0.001). The surveillance interval for each group was developed by using the recurrence limit for the generated risk groups. According to the developed schedule, high-risk patients would have a maximum of seven surveillance visits for 5 years, whereas low-risk patients would have biennial surveillance for cancer screening. We proposed a simple and promising strategy for determining a better endoscopic surveillance interval by parameterizing diverse and group-specific recurrence risk factors into a well-known survival model.

MeSH terms

  • Adenoma / diagnostic imaging*
  • Adenoma / surgery
  • Adenomatous Polyps
  • Aged
  • Early Detection of Cancer
  • Endoscopic Mucosal Resection / methods*
  • Endoscopy / methods*
  • Female
  • Gastric Mucosa / microbiology
  • Gastroscopy
  • Helicobacter pylori
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local
  • Optics and Photonics
  • Proportional Hazards Models
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Stomach Neoplasms / diagnostic imaging*
  • Stomach Neoplasms / surgery

Supplementary concepts

  • Polyposis, Gastric