Accessibility of Pharmacist-Prescribed Contraceptives in Utah

Obstet Gynecol. 2021 Dec 1;138(6):871-877. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000004594.

Abstract

Objective: To assess pharmacy participation in and accessibility of pharmacist-prescribed contraception after legislation effective in the state of Utah in 2019.

Methods: A secret-shopper telephone survey was used to assess participation in pharmacist-prescribed contraception. Geospatial analysis was used to map the distribution of participating pharmacies by population characteristics.

Results: Of all operating Class A retail pharmacies in Utah, 127 (27%) were providing pharmacist-prescribed contraception 1 year after implementation of the Utah standing order. Oral contraceptive pills were widely accessible (100%); however, other allowed methods were not (vaginal ring 14%; contraceptive patch 2%). Consultation fees and medication costs varied widely. Participating pharmacies were mainly concentrated in population centers. Assuming access to a personal vehicle, urban areas with a high percentage of Hispanic people (Utah's largest minority race or ethnicity group) have access to a participating pharmacy within a 20-minute driving distance. However, access in rural areas with a high percentage Hispanic or other minority were limited. We identified 235 (40%) census tracts with a high proportion of Utah's residents living below the poverty line or of minority race or ethnicity who also had low access to pharmacist-prescribed contraception.

Conclusions: Although the pharmacy-based model is intended to increase access to contraception, practical availability 1 year after the authorization of pharmacist-prescribed contraception in Utah suggests that this service does not adequately serve rural areas, particularly rural areas with a high proportion of minorities and those living below the federal poverty line.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Contraception / statistics & numerical data*
  • Drug Costs / statistics & numerical data
  • Female
  • Health Plan Implementation
  • Health Services Accessibility / legislation & jurisprudence
  • Health Services Accessibility / statistics & numerical data*
  • Hispanic or Latino / statistics & numerical data
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Pharmaceutical Services / legislation & jurisprudence
  • Pharmaceutical Services / statistics & numerical data*
  • Pharmacies / legislation & jurisprudence
  • Pharmacies / statistics & numerical data
  • Pharmacists / statistics & numerical data*
  • Pharmacy / statistics & numerical data*
  • Poverty / statistics & numerical data
  • Referral and Consultation / economics
  • Referral and Consultation / statistics & numerical data
  • Rural Population / statistics & numerical data
  • Utah
  • Young Adult