Liver cancer is one of the malignant tumors with the highest fatality rate in China and the 5-years survival rate is only 12.5%. Early detection to undertake early treatment can improve the survival rate of patients with liver cancer. Nowadays, the unsatisfactory performance of serum Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) test, and the problems of insensitive to small lesions for ultrasound and exposure to nuclear radiation for CT, necessitate the urgency to explore novel diagnostic biomarkers of liver cancer. It has been demonstrated the presence of autoantibodies targeting tumor-associated antigens prior to clinic symptoms implied underlying early diagnostic value of malignancies. High specificity but low sensitivity of single autoantibodies such as the most reported anti-p53, anti-insulin like growth factor-Ⅱ mRNA binding protein, and anti-glucose regulated protein can be solved by combining different autoantibodies. However, the autoantibodies of different combinations vary in studies. Simultaneously, autoantibodies in combination with AFP facilitate further improving the detection rate of liver cancer. Nevertheless, the autoantibodies related to prognosis of liver cancer needs to be more studied in the near future.
肝癌是我国病死率最高的恶性肿瘤之一，患者的5年生存率仅为12.5%，早期发现并及早治疗可提高肝癌患者的生存率。在目前临床常用的肝癌诊断方法中，血清甲胎蛋白(AFP)诊断效能仍不甚满意，而超声对小病灶不敏感，CT存在放射暴露的问题，因而亟需探索新的肝癌诊断相关标志物。在临床症状出现前，肝癌患者血清中就已存在靶向肿瘤相关抗原的自身免疫性抗体(AAB)，目前文献报道较多的有抗p53、抗胰岛素样生长因子Ⅱ信使RNA结合蛋白和葡萄糖调节蛋白等AAB。单个AAB在肝癌诊断中的特异度高，但灵敏度较低，多个AAB联合检测可提高肝癌诊断的灵敏度，AAB联合AFP检测可进一步提高肝癌的检出率。目前AAB与肝癌预后关系的研究较少，是未来需要继续探索的方向。.
Keywords: Autoantibodies; Diagnosis; Liver neoplasms; Prognosis.