NETosis in ischemic/reperfusion injuries: An organ-based review

Life Sci. 2022 Feb 1:290:120158. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.120158. Epub 2021 Nov 23.

Abstract

Neutrophil extracellular trap (NETosis), the web-like structures induced by neutrophil death, is an important inflammatory mechanism of the immune system leading to reactive oxygen species production/coagulopathy, endothelial dysfunction, atherosclerosis, and ischemia. NETosis exerts its role through different mechanisms such as triggering Toll-like receptors, inflammatory cytokines, platelet aggregation, neutrophil activation/infiltration, and vascular impairment. NETosis plays a key role in the prognosis of coronary artery disease, ischemic injury of kidney, lung, gastrointestinal tract and skeletal muscles. In this review, we explored the molecular mechanisms involved in NETosis, and ischemic/reperfusion injuries in body organs.

Keywords: Endothelial dysfunction; Inflammation; Ischemia; Neutrophil extracellular traps; Oxidative stress; Reperfusion.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Extracellular Traps / immunology*
  • Extracellular Traps / metabolism
  • Extracellular Traps / physiology
  • Humans
  • Neutrophils / immunology
  • Reperfusion Injury / immunology*
  • Reperfusion Injury / metabolism*
  • Reperfusion Injury / physiopathology