Genome-wide identification and expression profiling of durian CYPome related to fruit ripening

PLoS One. 2021 Nov 30;16(11):e0260665. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260665. eCollection 2021.

Abstract

Durian (Durio zibethinus L.) is a major economic crop native to Southeast Asian countries, including Thailand. Accordingly, understanding durian fruit ripening is an important factor in its market worldwide, owing to the fact that it is a climacteric fruit with a strikingly limited shelf life. However, knowledge regarding the molecular regulation of durian fruit ripening is still limited. Herein, we focused on cytochrome P450, a large enzyme family that regulates many biosynthetic pathways of plant metabolites and phytohormones. Deep mining of the durian genome and transcriptome libraries led to the identification of all P450s that are potentially involved in durian fruit ripening. Gene expression validation by RT-qPCR showed a high correlation with the transcriptome libraries at five fruit ripening stages. In addition to aril-specific and ripening-associated expression patterns, putative P450s that are potentially involved in phytohormone metabolism were selected for further study. Accordingly, the expression of CYP72, CYP83, CYP88, CYP94, CYP707, and CYP714 was significantly modulated by external treatment with ripening regulators, suggesting possible crosstalk between phytohormones during the regulation of fruit ripening. Interestingly, the expression levels of CYP88, CYP94, and CYP707, which are possibly involved in gibberellin, jasmonic acid, and abscisic acid biosynthesis, respectively, were significantly different between fast- and slow-post-harvest ripening cultivars, strongly implying important roles of these hormones in fruit ripening. Taken together, these phytohormone-associated P450s are potentially considered additional molecular regulators controlling ripening processes, besides ethylene and auxin, and are economically important biological traits.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Bombacaceae / enzymology*
  • Bombacaceae / genetics
  • Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / biosynthesis*
  • Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / genetics
  • Fruit / enzymology*
  • Fruit / genetics
  • Gene Expression Profiling*
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic*
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Plant*
  • Plant Proteins / biosynthesis*
  • Plant Proteins / genetics

Substances

  • Plant Proteins
  • Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System

Grants and funding

This research was funded by Chulalongkorn University (grant number GRU6407023008-1) to S.S. S.S. and H.S. acknowledge financial support from Franco-Thai Mobility Programme/PHC SIAM 2021-2022 international exchange program N°46969PF. N.S. is supported by the Second Century Fund (C2F), Chulalongkorn University. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.