Oncolytic Virotherapy: From Bench to Bedside

Ludi Yang; Xiang Gu; Jie Yu; Shengfang Ge; Xianqun Fan

doi:10.3389/fcell.2021.790150

Oncolytic Virotherapy: From Bench to Bedside

Front Cell Dev Biol. 2021 Nov 26:9:790150. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2021.790150. eCollection 2021.

Authors

Ludi Yang^{1

2}, Xiang Gu^{1

2}, Jie Yu^{1

2}, Shengfang Ge^{1

2}, Xianqun Fan^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
² Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China.

Abstract

Oncolytic viruses are naturally occurring or genetically engineered viruses that can replicate preferentially in tumor cells and inhibit tumor growth. These viruses have been considered an effective anticancer strategy in recent years. They mainly function by direct oncolysis, inducing an anticancer immune response and expressing exogenous effector genes. Their multifunctional characteristics indicate good application prospects as cancer therapeutics, especially in combination with other therapies, such as radiotherapy, chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Therefore, it is necessary to comprehensively understand the utility of oncolytic viruses in cancer therapeutics. Here, we review the characteristics, antitumor mechanisms, clinical applications, deficiencies and associated solutions, and future prospects of oncolytic viruses.

Keywords: clinical applications; immunity; mechanisms; oncolytic virus; tumor.

Publication types

Review