Impact of Biannual Mass Azithromycin Treatment on Enteropathogen Carriage in Children <5 Years Old in Niger

James A Platts-Mills; Elias G Ayoub; Jixian Zhang; Elizabeth T Rogawski McQuade; Ahmed M Arzika; Ramatou Maliki; Amza Abdou; Jeremy D Keenan; Thomas M Lietman; Jie Liu; Eric R Houpt

doi:10.1093/cid/ciab1046

Impact of Biannual Mass Azithromycin Treatment on Enteropathogen Carriage in Children <5 Years Old in Niger

Clin Infect Dis. 2022 Aug 31;75(3):515-518. doi: 10.1093/cid/ciab1046.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Division of Infectious Diseases & International Health, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.
² University of Virginia School of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.
³ Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.
⁴ Centre de Recherche et d'Intervention en Santé Publique, Niamey, Niger.
⁵ Programme National de la Santé Oculaire, Ministere de la Santé Publique, Niamey, Nigerand.
⁶ Francis I Proctor Foundation, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.

Abstract

We analyzed samples obtained at baseline and 24 months in a mass azithromycin administration trial in Niger using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. In villages randomized to azithromycin, Shigella was the only pathogen reduced at 24 months (prevalence ratio, 0.36 [95% confidence interval: .17-.79]; difference in log quantity, -.42 [-.75 to -.10]).

Keywords: Shigella; Azithromycin; enteropathogens.

Publication types

Randomized Controlled Trial
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Anti-Bacterial Agents* / therapeutic use
Azithromycin* / therapeutic use
Child
Child, Preschool
Humans
Infant
Mass Drug Administration
Niger / epidemiology
Prevalence

Substances

Anti-Bacterial Agents
Azithromycin