Tiny in size, big in impact: Extracellular vesicles as modulators of mood, anxiety and neurodevelopmental disorders

Eduardo Duarte-Silva; Alice Chevrollier Oriá; Ingrid Prata Mendonça; Michel Gomes de Melo; Igor Henrique R Paiva; Michael Maes; Sâmia R L Joca; Christina Alves Peixoto

doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104582

Tiny in size, big in impact: Extracellular vesicles as modulators of mood, anxiety and neurodevelopmental disorders

Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2022 Apr:135:104582. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104582. Epub 2022 Feb 16.

Authors

Eduardo Duarte-Silva¹, Alice Chevrollier Oriá², Ingrid Prata Mendonça³, Michel Gomes de Melo³, Igor Henrique R Paiva³, Michael Maes⁴, Sâmia R L Joca⁵, Christina Alves Peixoto⁶

Affiliations

¹ Laboratory of Ultrastructure, Aggeu Magalhães Institute (IAM), Recife, PE, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Biosciences and Biotechnology for Health (PPGBBS), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ-PE)/Aggeu Magalhães Institute (IAM), Recife, PE, Brazil; Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Recife, PE, Brazil; Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, University Hospital Düsseldorf, 40255 Düsseldorf, Germany. Electronic address: eduardo.pduartesilva@gmail.com.
² Laboratory of Ultrastructure, Aggeu Magalhães Institute (IAM), Recife, PE, Brazil.
³ Laboratory of Ultrastructure, Aggeu Magalhães Institute (IAM), Recife, PE, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Biological Sciences (PPGCB), Federal University of Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, PE, Brazil.
⁴ Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria; IMPACT Strategic Research Center, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
⁵ School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto (FCFRP), University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, Brazil; Translational Neuropsychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
⁶ Laboratory of Ultrastructure, Aggeu Magalhães Institute (IAM), Recife, PE, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation (INCT-NIM, CNPq), Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Electronic address: peixoto.christina@gmail.com.

PMID: 35182538
DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104582

Abstract

Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) are tiny vesicles used by cells as means of cellular communication, through which the function and state of a given cell can be changed. A body of evidence has suggested that EVs could be culprits in the development and progression of various types of diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases such as Multiple Sclerosis (MS) and Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Unsurprisingly, EVs have also been implicate in mood, anxiety and neurodevelopmental disorders, such as Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), anxiety disorder and Autism-Spectrum Disorder (ASD), respectively. Here, we review the state-of-art regarding the roles of EVs in the aforementioned diseases and focus on the mechanisms by which they can cause and worsen disease. Harnessing the knowledge of EVs is not only important to deliver different cargos to cells in a specific manner to treat these diseases, but also to establish reliable disease biomarkers, which will aid in the early disease diagnosis and treatment, increasing the chance of successful treatment.

Keywords: Anxiety disorders; Extracellular vesicles; Mood disorders; Neurodevelopmental disorders.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review

MeSH terms

Anxiety
Anxiety Disorders / metabolism
Depressive Disorder, Major* / metabolism
Extracellular Vesicles* / metabolism
Humans
Neurodevelopmental Disorders* / metabolism