Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of the integrated schistosomiasis control measures in Changzhou City from 2015 to 2020, so as to provide insights into the formulation of the strategy used to consolidate the schistosomiasis elimination achievements.
Methods: The annual schistosomiasis control working report and integrated schistosomiasis control data were collected in Changzhou City from 2015 to 2020, and the prevalence of Schistosoma japonicum infections in humans and livestock and snail status were analyzed to evaluate the effectiveness of the integrated schistosomiasis control measures.
Results: During the period from 2015 to 2020, a total of 112 061 person-time individuals received serological tests for S. japonicum infections in Changzhou City, and the sero-prevalence was 0.15% to 1.09% during the 6-year period, with a significant difference seen among years (χ2 = 288.11, P < 0.05). From 2015 to 2020, a total of 13 435 person-time individuals received stool examinations, with no egg-positives identified; among 5 840 herd-time livestock receiving schistosomiasis examinations, no positives were detected, while a 100% coverage of fencing livestock was seen each year. During the 6-year period, a total of 38.40 hm2 snail habitats were found, including 8.97 hm2 emerging snail habitats, and among the 2 344 snails dissected, no S. japonicum infection was found. Chemical treatment covered an area of 385.71 hm2, and environmental improvements covered an area of 200.39 hm2. The mean density of living snails was less than 0.1 snails/0.1 m2 in snail habitats found in Changzhou City each year from 2015 to 2020, and the coverage of harmless toilets was 100% in 2020. During the 6-year period, a total of 3.740 6 million person-time individuals were given schistosomiasis health education in Changzhou City.
Conclusions: Changzhou City is now at the post-elimination surveillance stage; however, there are still factors affecting schistosomiasis transmission. The schistosomiasis surveillance system remains to be improved to consolidate the schistosomiasis elimination achievements in Changzhou City.
［摘要］ 目的 分析2015—2020年常州市血吸虫病综合治理效果, 为制订巩固血吸虫病消除成果策略提供参考依据。方法 收集2015—2020年常州市血吸虫病防治工作报表及相关部门血吸虫病综合治理资料, 分析血吸虫病病情、螺情变化, 评估综合治理措施实施效果。结果 2015—2020年, 常州市累计开展血吸虫病血检查病112 061人·次, 各年血检阳性率为0.15% ~ 1.09%, 差异有统计学意义 (χ2 = 288.11, P < 0.05); 粪检查病13 435人·次, 未发现粪检阳性者; 累计开展家畜查病5 840头·次, 结果均为阴性, 各年度家畜圈养率均为100%。累计查出有螺面积38.40 hm2, 其中新发有螺环境8.97 hm2; 累计解剖钉螺2 344只, 未发现血吸虫感染性钉螺; 累计开展药物灭螺385.71 hm2, 环改灭螺200.39 hm2, 各年有螺环境活螺平均密度均低于0.1只/0.1 m2。2020年无害化厕所普及率达100%。2015—2020年累计有374.06万人·次接受血吸虫病健康教育。结论 常州市已进入血吸虫病消除后监测巩固新阶段, 但血吸虫病流行因素仍然存在; 今后应进一步完善监测体系, 以巩固血吸虫病消除成果。.
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