Acute neurophysiologic effects of botulinum toxin type A intramuscular injection on extensor digitorum brevis muscle in healthy adults

Toxicon. 2022 May:211:6-10. doi: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2022.03.004. Epub 2022 Mar 10.

Abstract

Introduction: Anecdotal clinical experience shows that patients often indicate that their spasticity improves on the day of treatment with intramuscular botulinum injection. Previous research shows that compound motor action potentials (CMAPs) decrease 48 h post-injection. However, no studies to date have assessed the neurophysiological changes less than 48 h post-injection.

Methods: Fifteen healthy control subjects (10 F; mean age 41 ± 11 years) participated in this randomized double-blind study. We injected 10 units of either onabotulinumtoxinA or incobotulinumtoxinA in the extensor digitorum brevis (EDB) muscle, one in each foot. We performed serial CMAP assessments using nerve conduction study of the peroneal nerve at following time intervals after botulinum injection - 2, 4, 6, 24, 26, 28, 30, 48, 72 h and 6 days post-injection. We used an ANOVA with repeated measures separately for each type of toxin.

Results: Post-hoc tests using the Bonferroni correction revealed that there was a statistically significant decrease in the mean EDB CMAP amplitude from baseline starting at 24 h post-injection in the incobotulinumtoxinA group (p < 0.05) and 4 h post-injection in the onabotulinumtoxinA group (p < 0.05).

Conclusion: We conclude that both toxin formulations tested in this study exert a significant decrease in EDB CMAP amplitude in the period of <48 h post-injection.

Keywords: Botulinum toxins; Electrophysiology; Muscle spasticity.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Botulinum Toxins, Type A*
  • Humans
  • Injections, Intramuscular
  • Middle Aged
  • Muscle Spasticity
  • Muscle, Skeletal
  • Neuromuscular Agents*
  • Peroneal Nerve

Substances

  • Neuromuscular Agents
  • Botulinum Toxins, Type A