Characteristics of Interventions to Improve Bone Health in Children With Cerebral Palsy: A Systematic Review

Pediatr Phys Ther. 2022 Apr 1;34(2):163-170. doi: 10.1097/PEP.0000000000000878.

Abstract

Purpose: A systematic review evaluated exercise parameters and ages that produced the most improvement in bone among individuals with cerebral palsy (CP) ages 3 to 21 years.

Methods: PubMed, Scopus, Ebscohost, and Web of Science identified potential articles. Covidence was used to identify eligible citations and assess bias. The osteogenic index (OI) was used to evaluate intervention parameters.

Results: The database search identified 312 citations. Twelve full-text articles were included. A 1-hour calisthenic exercise program performed 2 to 3 times a week for 8 months targeting each body region had the highest effect size and a substantial OI. Most of the interventions reviewed had low OIs. Activities of longer duration and greater intensity had greater OIs and prepubertal age-enhanced treatment effects.

Conclusion: Bone interventions for individuals with CP have low OIs, and principles of mechanostat theory should be applied to exercise dosing.

Publication types

  • Systematic Review
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Bone Density
  • Cerebral Palsy* / rehabilitation
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Exercise
  • Humans
  • Young Adult