Stressful life events and social support among pregnant Marshallese women

Abstract

Introduction: Women from racial and ethnic minority groups in the United States are disproportionately likely to experience adverse perinatal outcomes such as preterm birth, low birthweight infants, and infant mortality. Previous research has demonstrated that exposure to stressful life events and social support may influence perinatal outcomes. Although studies have documented stressful life events and social support for the general United States population and minority groups, less is known about the experiences of Pacific Islander women in the United States, and no prior studies have documented these experiences in Marshallese Pacific Islander women.

Methods: The present study examined data collected from pregnant Marshallese women (n = 67) in northwest Arkansas participating in a women's health program using descriptive analyses (means, standard deviations, proportions).

Results: Results indicated a high prevalence of three stressful life events: experiencing a family member going into the hospital (35.8%), someone close to them dying (29.9%), and being unable to pay bills (53.7%). Food insecurity was higher than previously reported for pregnant women or Pacific Islanders (83.7%). Social support was high among the sample. A majority of women reported receiving help with daily chores (86.6%), help when sick (88.1%), and support on how to deal with personal problems (85.1%).

Discussion: This study is the first to document the prevalence of stressful life events and social support in a sample of pregnant Marshallese women living in the United States. The findings provide important information to guide efforts to reduce adverse perinatal outcomes in a Pacific Islander population.

Keywords: Marshallese social support; Maternal health; Pacific Islander; Pregnancy; Social determinants of health; Stress.