Postmastectomy Breast Reconstruction Patterns at an Urban Academic Hospital and the Impact of Surgeon Gender

Ann Surg Oncol. 2022 Sep;29(9):5437-5444. doi: 10.1245/s10434-022-11807-7. Epub 2022 May 18.

Abstract

Background: Postmastectomy breast reconstruction is an essential element of multidisciplinary breast cancer care but may be underutilized.

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed mastectomy patients (2018-2021) at an urban hospital. Multivariable logistic regression was performed, and a mixed-effects logistic regression model was constructed to determine patient-level factors (age, race, body mass index, comorbidities, smoking status, insurance, type of surgery) and provider-level factors (breast surgeon gender, participation in multidisciplinary breast clinic) that influence reconstruction.

Results: Overall, 167 patients underwent mastectomy. The reconstruction rate was 35%. In multivariable analysis, increasing age (odds ratio [OR] 0.95; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.91-0.99) and Medicaid insurance (OR 0.18; 95% CI 0.06-0.53) relative to private insurance were negative predictors, whereas bilateral mastectomy was a positive predictor (OR 7.07; 95% CI 2.95-17.9) of reconstruction. After adjustment for patent age, race, insurance, and type of surgery, female breast surgeons had 3.7 times greater odds of operating on patients who had reconstruction than males (95% CI 1.20-11.42).

Conclusion: Both patient- and provider-level factors have an impact on postmastectomy reconstruction. Female breast surgeons had nearly four times the odds of caring for patients who underwent reconstruction, suggesting that a more standardized process for plastic surgery referral is needed.

MeSH terms

  • Breast Neoplasms* / surgery
  • Female
  • Healthcare Disparities
  • Hospitals, Urban
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Mammaplasty*
  • Mastectomy
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Surgeons*
  • United States