Precise CRISPR-Cas-mediated gene repair with minimal off-target and unintended on-target mutations in human hematopoietic stem cells

Sci Adv. 2022 Jun 3;8(22):eabm9106. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abm9106. Epub 2022 Jun 3.

Abstract

While CRISPR-Cas9 is key for the development of gene therapy, its potential off-target mutations are still a major concern. Here, we establish a "spacer-nick" gene correction approach that combines the Cas9D10A nickase with a pair of PAM-out sgRNAs at a distance of 200 to 350 bp. In combination with adeno-associated virus (AAV) serotype 6 template delivery, our approach led to efficient HDR in human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs including long-term HSCs) and T cells, with minimal NHEJ-mediated on-target mutations. Using spacer-nick, we developed an approach to repair disease-causing mutations occurring in the HBB, ELANE, IL7R, and PRF1 genes. We achieved gene correction efficiencies of 20 to 50% with minimal NHEJ-mediated on-target mutations. On the basis of in-depth off-target assessment, frequent unintended genetic alterations induced by classical CRISPR-Cas9 were significantly reduced or absent in the HSPCs treated with spacer-nick. Thus, the spacer-nick gene correction approach provides improved safety and suitability for gene therapy.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • CRISPR-Cas Systems*
  • Dependovirus
  • Gene Editing
  • Genetic Therapy
  • Hematopoietic Stem Cells*
  • Humans
  • Mutation

Supplementary concepts

  • Adeno-associated virus-1