1 Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy. polosa@unict.it.
2 Centre for the Prevention and Treatment of Tobacco Addiction (CPCT), Teaching Hospital "Policlinico-V. Emanuele", University of Catania, Catania, Italy. polosa@unict.it.
3 Center of Excellence for the Acceleration of Harm Reduction (CoEHAR), Università di Catania, Catania, Italy. polosa@unict.it.
4 UOC Medicina Interna e Urgenza, AOU "Policlinico-V. Emanuele-San Marco", Via S. Sofia, 78-Ed. 4, p. 2, Stanza 78, 95100, Catania, Italy. polosa@unict.it.
5 Department of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospital Foundation Trust, Harefield Hospital, Harefield, UK.
6 Hospital "San Vincenzo", Taormina, Italy.
7 UOC Farmacia Ospedaliera, Hospital ARNAS Garibaldi, Catania, Italy.
8 Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hospital Clinics "Musumeci-Gecas", Catania, Italy.
9 Department for Clinical Research "Centro Studi" FADOI (Scientific Society of Internal Medicine), Milan, Italy.
10 Center of Excellence for the Acceleration of Harm Reduction (CoEHAR), Università di Catania, Catania, Italy.
11 Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
12 Centre for the Prevention and Treatment of Tobacco Addiction (CPCT), Teaching Hospital "Policlinico-V. Emanuele", University of Catania, Catania, Italy.