Long-term results of minimally invasive transanal surgery for rectal tumors in 249 consecutive patients

Surg Today. 2023 Mar;53(3):306-315. doi: 10.1007/s00595-022-02570-z. Epub 2022 Aug 12.

Abstract

Purpose: To delineate the long-term results of minimally invasive transanal surgery (MITAS) for selected rectal tumors.

Methods: We analyzed data, retrospectively, on consecutive patients who underwent MITAS between 1995 and 2015, to establish the feasibility, excision quality, and perioperative and oncological outcomes of this procedure.

Results: MITAS was performed on 243 patients. The final histology included 142 cancers, 47 adenomas, and 52 neuroendocrine tumors (NET G1). A positive margin of 1.6% and 100% en bloc resection were achieved. The mean operative time was 27.4 min. Postoperative morbidity occurred in 7% of patients, with 0% mortality. The median follow-up was 100 months (up to ≥ 5 years or until death in 91.8% of patients). Recurrence developed in 2.9% of the patients. The 10-year overall survival rate was 100% for patients with NET G1 and 80.3% for those with cancer. The 5-year DFS was 100% for patients with Tis cancer, 90.6% for those with T1 cancer, and 87.5% for those with T2 or deeper cancers. MITAS for rectal tumors ≥ 3 cm resulted in perioperative and oncologic outcomes equivalent to those for tumors < 3 cm.

Conclusion: MITAS is feasible for the local excision (LE) of selected rectal tumors, including tumors ≥ 3 cm. It reduces operative time and secures excision quality and long-term oncological outcomes.

Keywords: Local excision; Minimally invasive transanal surgery; Rectal cancer; Rectal tumor; Transanal surgery.

MeSH terms

  • Digestive System Surgical Procedures* / methods
  • Humans
  • Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures / methods
  • Rectal Neoplasms* / pathology
  • Rectal Neoplasms* / surgery
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Treatment Outcome