Effect of Radiant Catalytic Ionization and Ozonation on Salmonella spp. on Eggshells

Katarzyna Grudlewska-Buda; Natalia Wiktorczyk-Kapischke; Ewa Wałecka-Zacharska; Joanna Kwiecińska-Piróg; Grzegorz Gryń; Karolina Jadwiga Skowron; Jakub Korkus; Eugenia Gospodarek-Komkowka; Jarosław Bystroń; Anna Budzyńska; Stefan Kruszewski; Zbigniew Paluszak; Małgorzata Andrzejewska; Monika Wilk; Krzysztof Skowron

doi:10.3390/foods11162452

Effect of Radiant Catalytic Ionization and Ozonation on Salmonella spp. on Eggshells

Foods. 2022 Aug 14;11(16):2452. doi: 10.3390/foods11162452.

Authors

Katarzyna Grudlewska-Buda¹, Natalia Wiktorczyk-Kapischke¹, Ewa Wałecka-Zacharska², Joanna Kwiecińska-Piróg¹, Grzegorz Gryń³, Karolina Jadwiga Skowron⁴, Jakub Korkus², Eugenia Gospodarek-Komkowka¹, Jarosław Bystroń², Anna Budzyńska¹, Stefan Kruszewski⁵, Zbigniew Paluszak⁶, Małgorzata Andrzejewska⁷, Monika Wilk¹, Krzysztof Skowron¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Microbiology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
² Department of Food Hygiene and Consumer Health, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland.
³ Plant Breeding and Acclimatization Institute-National Research Institute, 85-090 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
⁴ Institute of Telecommunications and Computer Science, Jan and Jędrzej Śniadecki University of Technology in Bydgoszcz, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
⁵ Biophysics Department, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, 85-067 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
⁶ Department of Microbiology and Food Technology, Jan and Jędrzej Śniadecki University of Technology in Bydgoszcz, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
⁷ Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology, Ergonomy and Postgraduate Education, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 95-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland.

Abstract

Three Salmonella enterica strains were used in the study (serovars: S. enteritidis, S. typhimurim and S. virchow). This study evaluated the efficacy of radiant catalytic ionization (RCI) and ozonation against Salmonella spp. on eggshell (expressed as log CFU/egg). The egg surface was contaminated three different bacterial suspension (10³ CFU/mL, 10⁵ CFU/mL and 10⁸ CFU/mL) with or without poultry manure. Experiments were conducted at 4 °C and 20 °C in three different time period: 30 min, 60 min and 120 min. Treatment with RCI reduced Salmonella numbers from 0.26 log CFU/egg in bacterial suspension 10⁸ CFU/mL, 4 °C and 20 °C, with manure for 30 min to level decrease in bacteria number below the detection limit (BDL) in bacterial suspension 10⁵ CFU/mL, 20 °C, with or without manure for 120 min. The populations of Salmonella spp. on eggs treated by ozonizer ranged from 0.20 log CFU/egg in bacteria suspension 10⁸ CFU/mL, 20 °C, with manure for 30 min to 2.73 log CFU/egg in bacterial suspension 10⁵ CFU/mL, 20 °C, with manure for 120 min. In all treatment conditions contamination with poultry manure decrease effectiveness the RCI and ozonation. In summary, RCI technology shows similar effectiveness to the ozonation, but it is safer for poultry plant workers and consumers.

Keywords: Salmonella spp.; disinfection; eggs; ozonation; radiant catalytic ionization.

Grants and funding

This research was funded by the Nicolaus Copernicus University with funds from the maintenance of the research potential of the Department of Microbiology PDB WF and Article Processing Charge was funded with funds from a contest held by the “Excellent Initiative Research University” program at Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń.