Synthesis and biological evaluation of coumarin-thiazole hybrids as selective carbonic anhydrase IX and XII inhibitors

Arch Pharm (Weinheim). 2022 Dec;355(12):e2200232. doi: 10.1002/ardp.202200232. Epub 2022 Sep 19.

Abstract

A series of coumarin-linked thiazoles (6a-p) was synthesized and the synthesized compounds were evaluated against human carbonic anhydrases (hCAs) IX and XII, which have been implicated in cancer. All the compounds exhibited selective inhibition of both isoforms. The designed compounds inhibited hCA IX in a moderate nanomolar to submicromolar range. The hCA XII was inhibited in a low to moderate nanomolar range. Compound 6o exhibited the best inhibition of hCA XII with a Ki value of 91.1 nM. The hydrolyzed form of compound 6o also exhibited favorable interactions as well as good docking scores with both the isoforms. Hence, this compound can be taken as a template for the design of selective and potent hCA XII inhibitors.

Keywords: carbonic anhydrases; coumarin; hCA IX; hCA XII; thiazole.

MeSH terms

  • Carbonic Anhydrase IX / metabolism
  • Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors* / pharmacology
  • Carbonic Anhydrases* / metabolism
  • Coumarins / pharmacology
  • Humans
  • Molecular Structure
  • Structure-Activity Relationship
  • Thiazoles / pharmacology

Substances

  • Carbonic Anhydrase IX
  • Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors
  • Carbonic Anhydrases
  • Thiazoles
  • Coumarins