C-reactive protein concentrations are higher in dogs with stage IV chronic kidney disease treated with intermittent hemodialysis

PLoS One. 2022 Sep 22;17(9):e0274510. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0274510. eCollection 2022.

Abstract

In chronic kidney disease dogs, the inflammatory process increases C-reactive protein concentrations. This study aimed to determine C-reactive protein serum concentrations in stage IV chronic kidney disease dogs treated with intermittent hemodialysis. A prospective cohort study was conducted with 23 dogs allocated into three groups: control group (CG, n = 7), intermittent hemodialysis group (IHG, n = 8) and clinical treatment group (CTG, n = 8), both comprised of stage IV chronic kidney disease dogs. One blood sample from CG (initial evaluation) and two samples from IHG and CTG (first- and last-moment) were obtained to determine C-reactive protein concentration, total leukocytes, platelets, erythrocytes, total plasma protein, serum albumin, urea, creatinine, and phosphorus. C-reactive protein was higher in IHG compared to CG in the first- and last-moments (p <0.001) and compared to CTG in the first-moment (p = 0.0406). C-reactive protein presented moderate positive correlation with leukocytes (r = 0.5479; p = 0.01), and moderate negative correlation with albumin (r = - 0.5974; p = 0.006) and red blood cells (r = - 0.5878, p = 0.01). A high correlation coefficient was observed in the tests' evaluation (CI = 0.59-0.78; r = 0.70; P<0.0001). In conclusion, both assays used in this study to measure C-reactive protein have provided safe and reliable quantification of the results. Additionally, despite IHG dogs presented an active inflammatory profile, intermittent hemodialysis has proven to be beneficial, leading to a clinical improvement in life quality of patients, and thus being recommended for stage IV CKD dogs when performed by trained professionals.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • C-Reactive Protein / metabolism
  • Creatinine
  • Dog Diseases* / therapy
  • Dogs
  • Humans
  • Phosphorus
  • Prospective Studies
  • Renal Dialysis
  • Renal Insufficiency, Chronic* / therapy
  • Renal Insufficiency, Chronic* / veterinary
  • Serum Albumin
  • Urea

Substances

  • Serum Albumin
  • Phosphorus
  • Urea
  • C-Reactive Protein
  • Creatinine

Grants and funding

The authors thank Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) process number: 001 and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) process number: 132797/2019-4 for scholarship. We thank the Foundation for Research Support of the State of São Paulo (FAPESP), number 2013/02932-8 for the research grants. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.