β-heavy-spectrin stabilizes the constricting contractile ring during cytokinesis

J Cell Biol. 2023 Jan 2;222(1):e202202024. doi: 10.1083/jcb.202202024. Epub 2022 Oct 11.

Abstract

Cytokinesis requires the constriction of an actomyosin-based contractile ring and involves multiple F-actin crosslinkers. We show that partial depletion of the C. elegans cytokinetic formin generates contractile rings with low F-actin levels that constrict but are structurally fragile, and we use this background to investigate the roles of the crosslinkers plastin/PLST-1 and β-heavy-spectrin/SMA-1 during ring constriction. We show that the removal of PLST-1 or SMA-1 has opposite effects on the structural integrity of fragile rings. PLST-1 loss reduces cortical tension that resists ring constriction and makes fragile rings less prone to ruptures and regressions, whereas SMA-1 loss exacerbates structural defects, leading to frequent ruptures and cytokinesis failure. Fragile rings without SMA-1 or containing a shorter SMA-1, repeatedly rupture at the same site, and SMA-1::GFP accumulates at repair sites in fragile rings and in rings cut by laser microsurgery. These results establish that β-heavy-spectrin stabilizes the constricting ring and reveals the importance of β-heavy-spectrin size for network connectivity at low F-actin density.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Actin Cytoskeleton*
  • Actins
  • Actomyosin
  • Animals
  • Caenorhabditis elegans / cytology
  • Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins / metabolism
  • Cytokinesis*
  • Formins
  • Membrane Glycoproteins / metabolism
  • Membrane Proteins / metabolism
  • Microfilament Proteins / metabolism
  • Spectrin* / metabolism

Substances

  • Actins
  • Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins
  • Formins
  • Membrane Glycoproteins
  • Membrane Proteins
  • Microfilament Proteins
  • SMA-1 protein, C elegans
  • plastin
  • Spectrin
  • Actomyosin