Infant and Maternal Vitamin D Supplementation: Clinician Perspectives and Practices

J Am Board Fam Med. 2023 Feb 8;36(1):95-104. doi: 10.3122/jabfm.2022.220244R1. Epub 2022 Dec 2.

Abstract

Introduction: Rates of infant vitamin D supplementation fall short of guideline recommendations. We explored this discrepancy from the clinician perspective as they advise and affect this important intervention to prevent rickets. We compared infant and high-dose maternal vitamin D supplementation prescribing attitudes and practices between infant-only clinicians (IC) and clinicians who care for mothers and infants (MIC).

Methods: We surveyed clinicians in departments of family medicine, obstetrics/gynecology, primary care pediatrics, neonatology, newborn nursery, and members of vitamin D and rickets working groups and a social media group for lactation medicine providers about their perspectives and practices regarding vitamin D supplementation.

Results: 360 clinician survey responses were analyzed. In current practice, IC were more likely than MIC to recommend vitamin D supplementation to exclusively (P < .001) and partially breastfed infants (P = .005). MIC were more likely than IC to discuss infant and high-dose maternal supplementation options and let the parents/caregivers choose (34.7%, 22.0%, P = .009). If supplementing the mother with high-dose vitamin D or the infant directly each provided adequate vitamin D in the infant, MIC were more likely than IC to think that supplementation of the mother would be preferred by parents/caregivers (63.0%, 45.2%, P = .003), improve adherence (66.5%, 49.4%, P = .006), and promote breastfeeding (54.7%, 36.5%, P = .001); they were also more likely to recommend supplementation of the mother (17.7%, 8.9%, P = .04).

Conclusions: MIC are more likely than IC to embrace high-dose maternal vitamin D supplementation to provide adequate vitamin D for infants. This highlights an opportunity for further education of clinicians about this option.

Keywords: Breastfeeding; Dietary Supplements; Rickets; Vitamin D.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Breast Feeding
  • Child
  • Dietary Supplements
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Infant
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Mothers
  • Pregnancy
  • Rickets* / prevention & control
  • Vitamin D
  • Vitamin D Deficiency* / drug therapy
  • Vitamin D Deficiency* / prevention & control

Substances

  • Vitamin D