A Critical View on Motor-based Interventions to Improve Motor Skill Performance in Children With ADHD: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

J Atten Disord. 2023 Feb;27(4):354-367. doi: 10.1177/10870547221146244. Epub 2023 Jan 12.

Abstract

Objective: To map the effect of motor-based interventions on motor skills in children with ADHD.

Method: A systematic literature search was performed in Pubmed, Web of Science, and the SCOPUS database (last search: October 30th 2022). Methodological quality was assessed using the PEDro-scale and the quality of evidence was determined with the GRADE-method. Meta-analysis was performed when at least five studies were available.

Results: Thirteen studies (7 RCTs) satisfied the inclusion criteria, five of which were eligible for meta-analysis. Only one of the included studies reached the low risk of bias threshold. Comparing different motor-based interventions to any non-motor control intervention showed large motor skill improvements (SMD = 1.46; 95% CI = [1.00;1.93]; I² = 47.07%). The most effective type of motor-based intervention and the optimal treatment parameters could not be determined yet.

Conclusion: Motor-based interventions in general seem to improve motor skills in children with ADHD. Additional RCTs are needed to increase current low GRADE confidence.

Keywords: ADHD; children; motor performance; physical activity.

Publication types

  • Meta-Analysis
  • Systematic Review

MeSH terms

  • Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity*
  • Child
  • Humans
  • Mental Processes
  • Motor Skills*