Self-control, coping styles, and alcohol outcomes in college students

J Am Coll Health. 2024 Dec;72(9):3376-3383. doi: 10.1080/07448481.2022.2160260. Epub 2023 Jan 26.

Abstract

Objective: Research indicates that coping styles mediate self-control and health outcomes. Emotion- and problem-focused coping strategies (eg, getting advice or planning) are used to address stressors. In contrast, avoidance-focused strategies (eg, substance use) are used to escape distress and are associated with greater alcohol problems. The purpose of this study was to examine associations between college students' levels of self-control, coping styles, and alcohol use and problems. Participants and Methods: 183 undergraduates completed questionnaires regarding self-control, coping styles, and alcohol consumption and problems. We hypothesized that self-control would be associated with alcohol problems through avoidance-focused coping, but not emotion- or problem-focused coping. Results: Our results were consistent with our hypothesis with and without controlling for alcohol consumption. Undergraduates lower in self-control who engage in avoidance-focused coping may experience greater alcohol problems. Conclusions: University programs dedicated to addressing substance use among undergraduates may develop workshops that promote problem- or emotion-focused coping strategies as alternatives to avoidance-focused strategies.

Keywords: Alcohol use; coping styles; self-control.

MeSH terms

  • Adaptation, Psychological*
  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Alcohol Drinking / psychology
  • Alcohol Drinking in College / psychology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Self-Control* / psychology
  • Students* / psychology
  • Students* / statistics & numerical data
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • Universities
  • Young Adult