Objectives: To study the cooling reaction kinetic characteristics of the temperature difference between cadaver temperature and ambient temperature (hereinafter referred to as "cadaver temperature difference") according to the reaction kinetics method.
Methods: Thirty rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups with 6 rabbits in each group. The rabbits were injected with 10% potassium chloride solution intravenously. After death, the rabbits were placed at 5 ℃, 10 ℃, 15 ℃, 20 ℃ and 25 ℃ environment condition, respectively, and the rectal temperature was measured every minute for 20 hours. The measured cadaver temperature was subtracted from ambient temperature, and the cadaver temperature difference data was calculated using the reaction kinetics formula. The linear regression equation was fitted for analysis, and the experimental results were applied to the temperature difference data of human body after death for verification.
Results: Under different environmental conditions, the linear coefficient determination of temperature difference -ln(C/C0) in rabbits was 0.99, showing a good linear relationship with time t. The application of human body temperature data after death was consistent with the results of animal experiments.
Conclusions: Under stable conditions, the temperature difference cooling process after death in rabbits is a first-order kinetic response. The method can also be used to study the temperature difference in human body after death.
目的: 参照反应动力学方法，研究尸体温度与环境温度间温差（简称“尸温差”）的冷却动力学特征。方法: 将30只家兔随机分为5组，每组6只，心内快速注射10%氯化钾溶液，处死后将尸体分别置于5 ℃、10 ℃、15 ℃、20 ℃、25 ℃环境条件下，每分钟自动测量一次直肠温度，持续20 h，将测得的尸体温度减去环境温度，利用反应动力学公式对尸温差数据进行计算，通过拟合线性回归方程进行分析，并将实验结果应用于人体死后尸温差数据进行验证。结果: 不同环境条件下，家兔死后尸温差-ln（C/C0）的线性决定系数均为0.99，与时间t呈较好的线性关系，人体死后尸温差数据应用情况与动物实验结果一致。结论: 稳定条件下，家兔死后尸温差冷却过程属一级动力反应，该方法同样适用于人体死后尸温差变化规律的研究。.
Keywords: ambient temperature; cadaver temperature; cooling; forensic pathology; kinetics; rabbits.