Efficient extraction, excellent activity, and microencapsulation of flavonoids from Moringa oleifera leaves extracted by deep eutectic solvent

Ping Wei; Yue Zhang; Yao-Ying Wang; Jin-Feng Dong; Bi-Ni Liao; Zhi-Cheng Su; Wu Li; Ju-Cai Xu; Wen-Yong Lou; Hui-Hui Su; Chao Peng

doi:10.1007/s13399-023-03877-8

Efficient extraction, excellent activity, and microencapsulation of flavonoids from Moringa oleifera leaves extracted by deep eutectic solvent

Biomass Convers Biorefin. 2023 Feb 8:1-15. doi: 10.1007/s13399-023-03877-8. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Ping Wei¹, Yue Zhang¹, Yao-Ying Wang¹, Jin-Feng Dong¹, Bi-Ni Liao¹, Zhi-Cheng Su¹, Wu Li¹, Ju-Cai Xu¹, Wen-Yong Lou², Hui-Hui Su³, Chao Peng¹

Affiliations

¹ School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020 Guangdong China.
² Lab of Applied Biocatalysis, School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510640 Guangdong China.
³ Institute of Biological and Medical Engineering, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510316 Guangdong China.

Abstract

A deep eutectic solvent (choline chloride (ChCl)-urea) was chosen to extract flavonoids from Moringa oleifera leaves (FMOL), the condition of extraction was tailor-made, under the optimal extraction conditions (material-to-liquid ratio of 1:60 g/mL, extraction time of 80 min, extraction temperature of 80 °C), the highest extraction efficiency reached 63.2 ± 0.3 mg R/g DW, and nine flavonoids were identified. Then, the biological activities including antioxidant activities, antibacterial activities, and anti-tumor activities were systematically studied. FMOL was superior to positive drugs in terms of antioxidant activity. As to DPPH investigation, the IC₅₀ of FMOL and Vc were 64.1 ± 0.7 and 176.1 ± 2.0 µg/mL; for the ABTS, the IC₅₀ of FMOL and Vc were 9.5 ± 0.3 and 38.2 ± 1.2 µg/mL, the FRAP value of FMOL and Vc were 15.5 ± 0.6 and 10.2 ± 0.4 mg TE/g, and ORAC value of FMOL and Vc were 4687.2 ± 102.8 and 3881.6 ± 98.6 µmol TE/g. The bacteriostatic (MICs were ≤ 1.25 mg/mL) activities of FMOL were much better than propyl p-hydroxybenzoate. Meanwhile, FMOL had comparable inhibitory activity with genistein on tumor cells, IC50 was 307.8 µg/mL, and could effectively induce apoptosis in HCT116. Microcapsules were prepared with xylose-modified soybean protein isolate and gelatin as wall materials; after that, the intestinal release of modified FMOL microcapsules was 86 times of free FMOL. Therefore, this study confirmed that FMOL extracted with ChCl/urea has rich bioactive components, and microencapsulated FMOL has potential application in food industry.

Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13399-023-03877-8.

Keywords: Deep eutectic solvent; Flavonoids; Identification; Microcapsule; Moringa oleifera leaves.

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