Skin-interfaced electronics: A promising and intelligent paradigm for personalized healthcare

Yangzhi Zhu; Jinghang Li; Jinjoo Kim; Shaopei Li; Yichao Zhao; Jamal Bahari; Payam Eliahoo; Guanghui Li; Satoru Kawakita; Reihaneh Haghniaz; Xiaoxiang Gao; Natashya Falcone; Menekse Ermis; Heemin Kang; Hao Liu; HanJun Kim; Tanveer Tabish; Haidong Yu; Bingbing Li; Mohsen Akbari; Sam Emaminejad; Ali Khademhosseini

doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122075

Skin-interfaced electronics: A promising and intelligent paradigm for personalized healthcare

Biomaterials. 2023 May:296:122075. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122075. Epub 2023 Mar 7.

Authors

Yangzhi Zhu¹, Jinghang Li², Jinjoo Kim², Shaopei Li², Yichao Zhao³, Jamal Bahari², Payam Eliahoo⁴, Guanghui Li⁵, Satoru Kawakita², Reihaneh Haghniaz², Xiaoxiang Gao⁶, Natashya Falcone², Menekse Ermis², Heemin Kang⁷, Hao Liu⁸, HanJun Kim⁹, Tanveer Tabish¹⁰, Haidong Yu¹¹, Bingbing Li¹², Mohsen Akbari¹³, Sam Emaminejad³, Ali Khademhosseini¹⁴

Affiliations

¹ Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA, 90064, United States. Electronic address: yzhu@terasaki.org.
² Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA, 90064, United States.
³ Interconnected and Integrated Bioelectronics Lab, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, and Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, United States.
⁴ Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90007, United States.
⁵ The Centre of Nanoscale Science and Technology and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China; Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
⁶ Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, United States.
⁷ Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
⁸ Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, PR China.
⁹ Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA, 90064, United States; College of Pharmacy, Korea University, Sejong, 30019, Republic of Korea.
¹⁰ Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7BN, United Kingdom.
¹¹ Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics, Xi'an Institute of Flexible Electronics (IFE) and Xi'an Institute of Biomedical Materials & Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, 710072, PR China.
¹² Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA, 90064, United States; Department of Manufacturing Systems Engineering and Management, California State University, Northridge, CA, 91330, United States.
¹³ Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA, 90064, United States; Laboratory for Innovation in Microengineering (LiME), Department of Mechanical Engineering, Center for Biomedical Research, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8P 2C5, Canada.
¹⁴ Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, CA, 90064, United States. Electronic address: khademh@terasaki.org.

Abstract

Skin-interfaced electronics (skintronics) have received considerable attention due to their thinness, skin-like mechanical softness, excellent conformability, and multifunctional integration. Current advancements in skintronics have enabled health monitoring and digital medicine. Particularly, skintronics offer a personalized platform for early-stage disease diagnosis and treatment. In this comprehensive review, we discuss (1) the state-of-the-art skintronic devices, (2) material selections and platform considerations of future skintronics toward intelligent healthcare, (3) device fabrication and system integrations of skintronics, (4) an overview of the skintronic platform for personalized healthcare applications, including biosensing as well as wound healing, sleep monitoring, the assessment of SARS-CoV-2, and the augmented reality-/virtual reality-enhanced human-machine interfaces, and (5) current challenges and future opportunities of skintronics and their potentials in clinical translation and commercialization. The field of skintronics will not only minimize physical and physiological mismatches with the skin but also shift the paradigm in intelligent and personalized healthcare and offer unprecedented promise to revolutionize conventional medical practices.

Keywords: Biomaterials; Biosensors; Flexible bioelectronics; Machine learning; Personalized healthcare; Strain-insensitive.

Publication types

Review
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

COVID-19*
Delivery of Health Care
Electronics
Humans
SARS-CoV-2
Wearable Electronic Devices*

Abstract

Publication types

MeSH terms

Grants and funding