Translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the Brazilian version of the PM-Scale: A specific measure of participation after stroke

Abstract

Background: The PM-Scale was developed specifically to assess participation in individuals after stroke based on the concepts contained in the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health. However, this measure is only available in English and French.

Objective: To translate and cross-culturally adapt the PM-Scale to Brazilian Portuguese, followed by the validation and testing of reliability of the translated version.

Methods: The translation process followed standard guidelines. Preliminary test-retest reliability was determined using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC_2,1). The Rasch model was employed to analyse the validity, unidimensionality, invariance, and internal consistency of the Brazilian version of the PM-Scale.

Results: The final translated version of the PM-Scale presented appropriate semantic, idiomatic, cultural, and conceptual equivalence. The preliminary analysis revealed excellent intra-observer and inter-observer reliability (ICC_2,1 = 0.91; 95%CI: 0.83, 0.95 and ICC_2,1 = 0.81; 95%CI: 0.64, 0.89, respectively). The analysis of the Rasch model revealed only one erratic item. An excellent overall fit was found for items (mean ± SD = 0.01 ± 1.02) and adequate fit was found for persons (mean ± SD = 1.16 ± 0.88). Internal consistency was considered adequate (person separation index = 1.77, reliability = 0.76). No significant invariance was found with regards to the personal characteristics of the sample (p > 0.05).

Conclusion: The Brazilian version of the PM-Scale is a valid, unidimensional, linear, reliable scale for measuring participation in stroke survivors and can be administered in less than five minutes.

Keywords: Disability and Health; International Classification of Functioning; Neurological Rehabilitation; Rasch analysis; Social participation; Stroke; Transcultural adaptation.