The role of the nucleolus in regulating the cell cycle and the DNA damage response

Adv Protein Chem Struct Biol. 2023:135:203-241. doi: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2023.01.001. Epub 2023 Feb 8.

Abstract

The nucleolus has long been perceived as the site for ribosome biogenesis, but numerous studies suggest that the nucleolus carefully sequesters crucial proteins involved in multiple cellular functions. Among these, the role of nucleolus in cell cycle regulation is the most evident. The nucleolus is the first responder of growth-related signals to mediate normal cell cycle progression. The nucleolus also senses different cellular stress insults by activating diverse pathways that arrest the cell cycle, promote DNA repair, or initiate apoptosis. Here, we review the emerging concepts on how the ribosomal and nonribosomal nucleolar proteins mediate such cellular effects.

Keywords: Cancer; Cell cycle; DNA damage; MDM2; Nucleolus; Nucleophosmin; Ribosomal protein; p14-ARF; p53.

Publication types

  • Review
  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Cell Cycle
  • DNA Damage
  • Nuclear Proteins / metabolism
  • Ribosomes* / genetics
  • Ribosomes* / metabolism
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53* / genetics
  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53* / metabolism

Substances

  • Tumor Suppressor Protein p53
  • Nuclear Proteins