Pre-clinical models to define correlates of protection for SARS-CoV-2

Caolann Brady; Tom Tipton; Stephanie Longet; Miles W Carroll

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2023.1166664

Pre-clinical models to define correlates of protection for SARS-CoV-2

Front Immunol. 2023 Mar 30:14:1166664. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1166664. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Caolann Brady¹, Tom Tipton¹, Stephanie Longet^{1

2}, Miles W Carroll¹

Affiliations

¹ Nuffield Department of Medicine, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics and Pandemic Sciences Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
² International Center for Infectiology Research (CIRI), Team GIMAP, Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR530, Saint-Etienne, France.

Abstract

A defined immune profile that predicts protection against a pathogen-of-interest, is referred to as a correlate of protection (CoP). A validated SARS-CoV-2 CoP has yet to be defined, however considerable insights have been provided by pre-clinical vaccine and animal rechallenge studies which have fewer associated limitations than equivalent studies in human vaccinees or convalescents, respectively. This literature review focuses on the advantages of the use of animal models for the definition of CoPs, with particular attention on their application in the search for SARS-CoV-2 CoPs. We address the conditions and interventions required for the identification and validation of a CoP, which are often only made possible with the use of appropriate in vivo models.

Keywords: SARS-CoV-2; animal models; correlates of protection (CoP); immunity; vaccines.

Publication types

Review
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Animals
COVID-19*
Humans
Models, Animal
SARS-CoV-2
Viral Vaccines*

Substances

Viral Vaccines

Grants and funding

This work was funded by CEPI grant on SARS-CoV-2 Correlates of Protection awarded to MC. MC, TT and SL are co-funded by US Food and Drug Administration Medical Countermeasures Initiative, contract 75F40120C00085.