Development of serological assays to identify Helicobacter suis and H. pylori infections

Hidenori Matsui; Emiko Rimbara; Masato Suzuki; Kengo Tokunaga; Hidekazu Suzuki; Masaya Sano; Takashi Ueda; Hitoshi Tsugawa; Sohachi Nanjo; Akira Takeda; Makoto Sasaki; Shuichi Terao; Tsuyoshi Suda; Sae Aoki; Keigo Shibayama; Hiroyoshi Ota; Katsuhiro Mabe

doi:10.1016/j.isci.2023.106522

Development of serological assays to identify Helicobacter suis and H. pylori infections

iScience. 2023 Mar 29;26(4):106522. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106522. eCollection 2023 Apr 21.

Authors

Hidenori Matsui^{1

2

3}, Emiko Rimbara¹, Masato Suzuki⁴, Kengo Tokunaga⁵, Hidekazu Suzuki⁶, Masaya Sano⁶, Takashi Ueda⁶, Hitoshi Tsugawa⁷, Sohachi Nanjo⁸, Akira Takeda⁹, Makoto Sasaki¹⁰, Shuichi Terao¹¹, Tsuyoshi Suda¹², Sae Aoki¹, Keigo Shibayama², Hiroyoshi Ota¹³, Katsuhiro Mabe¹⁴

Affiliations

¹ Department of Bacteriology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan.
² Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Aichi 466-8550, Japan.
³ Ōmura Satoshi Memorial Institute, Kitasato University, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan.
⁴ Antimicrobial Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo 189-0002, Japan.
⁵ Department of General Medicine, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Tokyo 181-8611, Japan.
⁶ Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 259-1193, Japan.
⁷ Division of Host Defense Mechanism, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 259-1193, Japan.
⁸ Third Department of Internal Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.
⁹ Takeda Hospital, Fukuoka 822-0027, Japan.
¹⁰ Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Aichi 480-1103, Japan.
¹¹ Department of Gastroenterology, Kakogawa Central City Hospital, Hyogo 675-8611, Japan.
¹² Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa Municipal Hospital, Ishikawa 921-8105, Japan.
¹³ Department of Biomedical Laboratory Sciences, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Nagano 390-8621, Japan.
¹⁴ Junpukai Health Maintenance Center Kurashiki, Okayama 712-8014, Japan.

Abstract

Helicobacter suis, hosted by hogs, is the most prevalent gastric non-Helicobacter pylori Helicobacter species found in humans. Recent studies have suggested that H. suis infection has caused many cases of gastric disease, but the transmission route from hogs remains unclear. Diagnostic methods based on H. suis urease activity often yield negative results, and there is no reliable method for diagnosing H. suis infection in clinical practice without gastric biopsy specimens. This study presents the world's first use of whole-bacterial cell ELISA to simultaneously assess H. suis and H. pylori infections. The ELISAs showed high accuracy, with an area under the ROC curve of 0.96, 100% sensitivity, 92.6% specificity, 76.9% positive predictive value, and 100% negative predictive value for the H. suis test, and an area under the ROC curve of 0.92, 88.2% sensitivity, 87.5% specificity, 65.2% positive predictive value, and 96.6% negative predictive value for the H. pylori test.

Keywords: Diagnostic procedure; Gastroenterology; Virology.