Colorectal Malignancy Complicated by Arterioenteric Fistula

Am Surg. 2023 Sep;89(9):3844-3846. doi: 10.1177/00031348231173954. Epub 2023 May 5.

Abstract

Arterioenteric fistulas (AEF) are rare and devastating complications of colorectal/pelvic malignancies. These fistulas can be seen following neoadjuvant or adjuvant therapy but are exceptionally rare de novo. The reported incidence of AEF is less than 1% and iliac artery-enteric fistulas make up less than .1% of all AEF. Here we present a patient in hemorrhagic shock secondary to an advanced colorectal malignancy without adjuvant therapies with local invasion of the right external iliac artery. Following initial resuscitation and hemorrhage control with coil embolization, definitive control with ligation and excision of the involved artery, end colostomy, and ureteral stent placement was achieved. It is important to consider malignancy as the source of lower gastrointestinal bleeds, especially in elderly patients without current colonoscopy studies. The management of this unfortunate diagnosis often involves a multidisciplinary approach with early and frequent goals of care discussions.

Keywords: arterioenteric fistula; artery-enteric fistula; colorectal cancer; colorectal malignancy; fistula.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aorta, Abdominal
  • Blood Vessel Prosthesis / adverse effects
  • Colorectal Neoplasms* / complications
  • Humans
  • Iliac Artery
  • Intestinal Fistula* / diagnosis
  • Intestinal Fistula* / etiology
  • Intestinal Fistula* / surgery
  • Vascular Fistula* / complications
  • Vascular Fistula* / surgery