A cross-sectional study on activity impairment in primary Sjogren's syndrome

Oral Dis. 2024 May;30(4):2234-2244. doi: 10.1111/odi.14620. Epub 2023 May 29.

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to show relations between activity impairment and salivary gland involvement for patient empowerment in primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSS).

Methods: In the study, 86 patients with pSS were included. The data were collected through clinical examinations and a questionnaire regarding Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI), EULAR Sjogren's syndrome patient-reported index (ESSPRI) and Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14). Relations were analysed by using mediation and moderation analyses. In simple mediation analysis, an independent variable (X) influences outcome variable (Y) through a mediator variable (M) whereas a moderator variable (W) affects the direction of the relationship between the dependent (Y) and independent variables (X).

Results: Increases in ESSPRI-Dryness score (X) (p = 0.0189) and OHIP-14 score (M) (p = 0.0004) were associated with the poor WPAI activity impairment score (Y) in the first mediation analysis. The WPAI activity impairment score was mediated by the elevated ESSPRI-Fatigue score (X) (p = 0.03641) and low U-SFR (M) (p = 0.0000) in the second mediation analysis. In addition, ESSPRI-Pain score (W) was the significant moderator for WPAI activity impairment (Y) in patients without hyposalivation in the moderation analysis (p = 0.0010).

Conclusion: WPAI activity impairment was affected by both ESSPRI-Dryness with OHRQoL and ESSPRI-Fatigue with SFR in glandular involvement.

Keywords: ESSPRI; OHIP‐14; WPAI‐daily impairment; hyposalivation.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Efficiency
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Quality of Life
  • Sjogren's Syndrome* / complications
  • Sjogren's Syndrome* / physiopathology
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • Xerostomia / etiology
  • Xerostomia / physiopathology