Caring From a Distance: Experiences of Polish Immigrants in the United States Providing Care to Parents With Dementia Overseas

J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2024 Mar 1;79(3):gbad086. doi: 10.1093/geronb/gbad086.

Abstract

Objectives: Aging populations and an increasing number of immigrants in recent years have led to numerous changes in intergenerational relationships. Although many studies have investigated the impact of providing care to a parent with dementia, little is known about the impact of caregiving activities provided from a distance, such as in the case of immigration, and over a long period of time to a person with dementia. Our understanding of how transnational caregiving for a person with dementia affects relationships is also limited. Using the Intergenerational Solidarity Theory as a theoretical framework, this paper examines the experiences of adult children and immigrant caregivers of a parent with dementia living in Poland.

Methods: A qualitative, semistructured interview was conducted with 37 caregivers living in the United States while providing transnational care to a parent with Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia. The data analysis was based on the thematic analysis strategy.

Results: Four themes were identified: (1) filial obligations and solidarity, (2) caregivers' contradictory emotions regarding transnational care, (3) financial and emotional exhaustion, and (4) challenges of nursing home dilemmas.

Discussion: Transnational caregivers represent a unique group who face distinctive challenges related to competing demands and limited resources. This study contributes to a better understanding of their experiences whereas the findings highlight the importance of addressing the mental and physical well-being of immigrant caregivers of individuals with dementia and have important implications for health care professionals and immigration policies. Implications for future research were also identified.

Keywords: Caregiving; Dementia; Immigration.

MeSH terms

  • Alzheimer Disease*
  • Caregivers / psychology
  • Emigrants and Immigrants*
  • Emigration and Immigration
  • Humans
  • Parents
  • Poland
  • Qualitative Research
  • United States