B-Clear Phase 2b Study Design: Establishing the Efficacy and Safety of Bepirovirsen in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection

Adv Ther. 2023 Sep;40(9):4101-4110. doi: 10.1007/s12325-023-02531-z. Epub 2023 Jul 1.

Abstract

Introduction: Bepirovirsen (GSK3228836) is an antisense oligonucleotide that induced rapid and prolonged hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) reduction with a favorable safety profile following 4 weeks of treatment in participants with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. The objective of the phase 2b study B-Clear is to access the efficacy and safety of bepirovirsen in participants with chronic HBV infection.

Methods: B-Clear is a phase 2b, multicenter, randomized, partial-blind (sponsor/participant-blinded, investigator-unblinded) study in participants with chronic HBV infection receiving stable nucleos(t)ide analogue (On-NA) or not currently receiving NA therapy (Not-on-NA). Eligibility criteria included HBsAg > 100 IU/mL, HBV DNA < 90 IU/mL (On-NA) or > 2000 IU/mL (Not-on-NA), and alanine aminotransferase ≤ 2 × upper limit of normal (ULN; On-NA) or < 3 × ULN (Not-on-NA). Participants were randomized 3:3:3:1 to one of four treatment arms, with treatment administered weekly as subcutaneous injections with or without loading doses (LD) on days 4 and 11: bepirovirsen 300 mg (with 300 mg LD) for 24 weeks; bepirovirsen 300 mg (with 300 mg LD) for 12 weeks then bepirovirsen 150 mg for 12 weeks; bepirovirsen 300 mg (with 300 mg LD) for 12 weeks then placebo for 12 weeks; placebo for 12 weeks (with placebo LD) then bepirovirsen 300 mg without LD for 12 weeks.

Planned outcomes: The primary endpoint of the study was HBsAg < lower limit of detection and HBV DNA < lower limit of quantification for 24 weeks after the end of bepirovirsen treatment in the absence of rescue medication. The study enrolled 457 participants (On-NA, n = 227; Not-on-NA, n = 230) and the last patient visit occurred in March 2022. The novel design of the B-Clear study will allow assessment of HBsAg and HBV DNA seroclearance post bepirovirsen treatment discontinuation in the presence and absence of background NA therapy.

Trial registration number: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04449029; GSK study 209668).

Keywords: Antisense oligonucleotide; Bepirovirsen; Functional cure; GSK3228826; Hepatitis B surface antigen; Nucleos(t)ide analogues; Trial design.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Multicenter Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Antiviral Agents / adverse effects
  • DNA, Viral / therapeutic use
  • Hepatitis B Surface Antigens / therapeutic use
  • Hepatitis B e Antigens / therapeutic use
  • Hepatitis B virus
  • Hepatitis B, Chronic* / drug therapy
  • Humans
  • Oligonucleotides, Antisense / therapeutic use
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Hepatitis B Surface Antigens
  • DNA, Viral
  • Antiviral Agents
  • Oligonucleotides, Antisense
  • Hepatitis B e Antigens

Associated data

  • ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT04449029