Durability of Hepatitis B surface antigen seroclearance in patients experienced nucleoside analogs or interferon monotherapy: A real-world data from Electronic Health Record

Zongqi Shi; Huizhi Zheng; Miaomiao Han; Jieli Hu; Yuan Hu; Xiaosong Li; Wenyan Zhu; Xinjun He; Haijun Deng; Quanxin Long; Ailong Huang

doi:10.1016/j.gendis.2022.03.003

Durability of Hepatitis B surface antigen seroclearance in patients experienced nucleoside analogs or interferon monotherapy: A real-world data from Electronic Health Record

Genes Dis. 2022 Mar 26;10(3):1019-1028. doi: 10.1016/j.gendis.2022.03.003. eCollection 2023 May.

Authors

Zongqi Shi^{1

2}, Huizhi Zheng¹, Miaomiao Han¹, Jieli Hu¹, Yuan Hu¹, Xiaosong Li¹, Wenyan Zhu³, Xinjun He³, Haijun Deng¹, Quanxin Long^{1

2}, Ailong Huang¹

Affiliations

¹ Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology on Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China.
² Medical Data Research Institute of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China.
³ YiduCloud (Beijing) Technology Co.,Ltd, Beijing 100089, China.

Abstract

Little is known about the difference in durability of HBsAg seroclearance induced by nucleoside analogs (NAs) or by interferon (IFN). A real-world, retrospective cohort study was conducted. Patients were assigned into two groups: NAs monotherapy-induced HBsAg seroclearance subjects and IFN monotherapy induced-HBsAg seroclearance subjects. A total of 198 subjects, comprised by 168 NAs monotherapy-induced and 30 IFN monotherapy-induced, who achieved HBsAg seroclearance were included in this study. The one-year probabilities of confirmed HBsAg seroclearance were significantly different in patients with NAs monotherapy and IFN monotherapy (0.960 (with 95% CI 0.922-0.999) vs. 0.691 (with 95% CI 0.523-0.913), log-rank-P = 4.04e-4). 73.3% (11 of 15) HBsAg recurrence occurred within one year after HBsAg seroclearance. The one-year probabilities of confirmed HBsAg seroclearance were higher in IFN monotherapy patients with anti-HBs than in IFN monotherapy patients without anti-HBs (0.839 (with 95% CI 0.657-1.000) vs. 0.489 (with 95% CI 0.251-0.953), log-rank test, P = 0.024). Our study thus provided novel insights into the durability of HBsAg seroclearance induced by NAs or IFN monotherapy. In particular, the HBsAg seroreversion rate was relatively high in IFN monotherapy subjects. The presence of anti-HBs was significantly correlated with a longer durability of functional cure induced by IFN treatment. And one-year follow-up in HBsAg seroclearance achieved individuals is proper for averting HBsAg seroreversion and other liver disease.

Keywords: Chronic hepatitis B Infection; Clinical outcomes after HBsAg seroclearance; Durability of HBsAg seroclearance; Interferon monotherapy; Nucleoside analogs monotherapy; anti-HBs.