MOG-specific T cell response amplified in para- and post-SAR-CoV-2 infection in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease

Qi Wu; Smathorn Thakolwiboon; Ahya S Ali; Qin Wang; Deanna Dwyer; David A Fox; Yang Mao-Draayer

doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2023.578143

MOG-specific T cell response amplified in para- and post-SAR-CoV-2 infection in myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease

J Neuroimmunol. 2023 Sep 15:382:578143. doi: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2023.578143. Epub 2023 Jul 5.

Authors

Qi Wu¹, Smathorn Thakolwiboon², Ahya S Ali³, Qin Wang⁴, Deanna Dwyer⁵, David A Fox⁶, Yang Mao-Draayer⁷

Affiliations

¹ Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, 1500 E Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Autoimmunity Center of Excellence, 4015 A. Alfred Taubman Biomedical Sciences Research Building 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. Electronic address: qiw@med.umich.edu.
² Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, 1500 E Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. Electronic address: Thakolwiboon.Smathorn@mayo.edu.
³ Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, 1500 E Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. Electronic address: ahyasali@umich.edu.
⁴ Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, 1500 E Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Autoimmunity Center of Excellence, 4015 A. Alfred Taubman Biomedical Sciences Research Building 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. Electronic address: qinwang@med.umich.edu.
⁵ Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, 1500 E Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. Electronic address: ddeanna@umich.edu.
⁶ Autoimmunity Center of Excellence, 4015 A. Alfred Taubman Biomedical Sciences Research Building 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. Electronic address: dfox@med.umich.edu.
⁷ Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, 1500 E Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Autoimmunity Center of Excellence, 4015 A. Alfred Taubman Biomedical Sciences Research Building 109 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Michigan Institute for Neurological Disorders, USA. Electronic address: yangmaodraayer@gmail.com.

Abstract

We describe clinical characteristics and deep immunophenotypes in two patients with myelin-oligodendrocyte-glycoprotein (MOG)-antibody-associated-disease after COVID-19. The para-COVID case was a 74-year-old man who developed optic neuritis two days after COVID-19. Immunological assays revealed reduced absolute CD8⁺ T- and B-cell counts with increased frequency of NK cells. Post-COVID case was a 63-year-old man with optic neuritis six months after COVID-19, a frequency of CD8⁺ T-cells was elevated with a relatively low fraction of naïve and a high fraction of effector memory CD8⁺ T-cells. There was increased frequency of CD8⁺CD38⁺HLA-DR⁺ T-cells in the para-COVID case; interestingly, CD4⁺CD38⁺HLA-DR⁺ T cell frequency was increased in the post-COVID case. Both had increased SARS-CoV-2-specific and MOG-specific T-cell responses.

Keywords: COVID-19; MOGAD; Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease; Optic neuritis; SAR-CoV-2.

Publication types

Case Reports
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Aged
Autoantibodies
CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / immunology
COVID-19* / complications
COVID-19* / immunology
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein* / immunology
Optic Neuritis* / etiology
Optic Neuritis* / immunology
SARS-CoV-2

Substances

Autoantibodies
Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein

Abstract

Publication types

MeSH terms

Substances

Grants and funding