National trends in prevalence of sadness, counseling for sadness, and sleep time among Koreans amid pandemic, 2009-2021: A nationwide representative study of over 2.8 million individuals

Affiliations

• ¹ Department of Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
• ² Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Regulatory Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.
• ³ Department of Precision Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea. Electronic address: swleemd@g.skku.edu.
• ⁴ Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
• ⁵ Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Deu, Barcelona, Spain; CIBERSAM, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
• ⁶ Centre for Health, Performance and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK.
• ⁷ Medical and Population Genetics and Cardiovascular Disease Initiative, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
• ⁸ Research Centre on Health Services and Quality of Life, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France.
• ⁹ Division of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
• ¹⁰ Pain and Rehabilitation Centre, and Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; Research Laboratory Psychology of Patients, Families & Health Professionals, Department of Nursing, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.
• ¹¹ Centre for Innovation in Mental Health, School of Psychology, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; Clinical and Experimental Sciences (CNS and Psychiatry), Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK; Solent NHS Trust, Southampton, UK; Hassenfeld Children's Hospital at NYU Langone, New York University Child Study Center, New York City, NY, USA; Division of Psychiatry and Applied Psychology, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
• ¹² Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
• ¹³ Department of Biomedical Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, South Korea.
• ¹⁴ Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Human Sciences, Lorestan University, Khoramabad, Islamic Republic of Iran.
• ¹⁵ Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. Electronic address: wycho@khu.ac.kr.
• ¹⁶ Center for Digital Health, Medical Science Research Institute, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea; Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. Electronic address: yonkkang@gmail.com.