An Objective Computer-Assisted Measurement of Sonographic Renal Cortical Echogenicity: The Splenorenal Index

Abstract

Renal cortical echogenicity represents a marker of renal function. However, evaluation of the renal echotexture is subjective and thus disposed to error and interrater variability. Computer-aided image analysis may be used to objectively assess renal cortical echogenicity by comparing the echogenicity of the left kidney to that of the spleen; the resultant ratio is referred to as the splenorenal index (SRI). We performed a retrospective review of all adult patients who received a renal ultrasound over a 45-day period at our institution. Demographic data and kidney function laboratory values were documented for each patient. Regions of interest (ROIs) were selected in the left renal cortex and spleen using ImageJ software. The SRI was calculated as a ratio of the mean pixel brightness of the left kidney cortex ROI to the mean pixel brightness of the spleen ROI. The SRI was then correlated with serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and estimated glomerular filtration rate. We found that among the 94 patients included in the study, the SRI had a significant positive correlation with serum creatinine ( r = 0.43, P < 0.001) and serum blood urea nitrogen ( r = 0.45, P < 0.001) and negative correlation with estimated glomerular filtration rate ( r = -0.47, P < 0.001). Our data indicate that SRI may serve as a valuable tool for sonographic evaluation of renal parenchymal disease.