Kinship testing is widely needed in forensic science practice. This paper reviews the definitions of common concepts, and summarizes the basic principles, advantages and disadvantages, and application scope of kinship analysis methods, including identity by state (IBS) method, likelihood ratio (LR) method, method of moment (MoM), and identity by descent (IBD) segment method. This paper also discusses the research hotspots of challenging kinship testing, complex kinship testing, forensic genetic genealogy analysis, and non-human biological samples.
亲缘关系鉴定在司法鉴定实践中有广泛的应用需求。本文梳理了亲缘关系相关的概念，综述了状态一致性法、似然比法、矩量法和血缘一致性片段法等亲缘关系分析方法的基本原理、优缺点和应用范围，并对疑难生物检材的亲缘关系鉴定、复杂亲缘关系鉴定、法医学系谱分析、非人源生物检材等研究热点进行了讨论。.
Keywords: challenging biological materials; forensic genetics; identity by descent; identity by state; kinship; likelihood ratio; method of moment; pedigree analysis; review.