Current concepts of bone grafting in trauma surgery

Nazrul Nashi; Fareed Hy Kagda

doi:10.1016/j.jcot.2023.102231

Current concepts of bone grafting in trauma surgery

J Clin Orthop Trauma. 2023 Aug 5:43:102231. doi: 10.1016/j.jcot.2023.102231. eCollection 2023 Aug.

Authors

Nazrul Nashi¹, Fareed Hy Kagda²

Affiliations

¹ University Orthopaedic, Hand and Reconstructive Microsurgery Cluster, National University Health System, Singapore, 1E Kent Ridge Road, 119228, Singapore.
² Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Ng Teng Fong General Hospital, National University Health System, Singapore, 1 Jurong East Street 21, 609606, Singapore.

Abstract

Bone graft in trauma surgery is commonly used in managing bone defects, non-union, fracture related infections, arthrodesis or to provide structural support in fractures. A variety of bone grafts are made available to the treating physician, which includes autograft, allograft and bone graft substitutes. The future of bone grafting in trauma surgery is exciting with the incorporation of technological advancement such as gene therapy, 3D-printing and tissue engineering. Regardless, there are still limitations to what we understand regarding current bone grafting techniques with conflicting literature on their clinical utility and indication. The aim of this review article therefore is to take a step back and critically evaluate the current concepts of bone grafting in trauma surgery, with special emphasis made on reviewing the types of bone graft, biology of bone graft incorporation and indication for its use in various clinical scenarios.

Keywords: Allograft; Autograft; Bone graft; Bone graft substitutes; Trauma surgery.