Incidence and clinical relevance of postoperative diarrhea after minimally invasive gastrectomy for gastric cancer: a single institution retrospective study of 1476 patients

Langenbecks Arch Surg. 2023 Sep 19;408(1):364. doi: 10.1007/s00423-023-03097-8.

Abstract

Purpose: Postoperative diarrhea (PD) remains one of the significant complications. Only a few studies focused on PD after minimally invasive surgery. We aimed to investigate PD after minimally invasive gastrectomy for gastric cancer.

Methods: A total of 1476 consecutive patients with gastric cancer undergoing laparoscopic or robotic gastrectomy between 2009 and 2019 at our institution were retrospectively reviewed. PD was defined as continuous diarrhea for ≥ 2 days, positive stool culture, or positive clostridial antigen test. The incidence, causes, and related clinical factors were analyzed.

Results: Of the 1476 patients, the median age was 69 years. Laparoscopic and robotic approaches were performed in 1072 (72.6%) and 404 (27.4%), respectively. Postoperative complications with Clavien-Dindo classification grade of ≥ IIIa occurred in 108 (7.4%) patients. PD occurred in 89 (6.0%) patients. Of the 89 patients with PD, Clostridium difficile, enteropathogenic Escherichia coli, and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus were detected in 24 (27.0%), 16 (33.3%), and 7 (14.6%) patients, respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed that age ≥ 75 years (OR 1.62, 95% CI [1.02-2.60], p = 0.042) and postoperative complications (OR 6.04, 95% CI [3.54-10.32], p < 0.001) were independent risk factors for PD. In patients without complications, TG (OR 1.88) and age of ≥ 75 years(OR 1.71) were determined as independent risk factors.

Conclusion: The incidence of PD following minimally invasive gastrectomy for gastric cancer was 6.0%. Older age and TG were obvious risk factors in such a surgery, with the latter being a significant risk even in the absence of complications.

Keywords: Complications; Diarrhea; Gastric cancer; Postoperative; Postoperative complications.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Clinical Relevance
  • Diarrhea
  • Gastrectomy / adverse effects
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus*
  • Postoperative Complications / epidemiology
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Stomach Neoplasms* / surgery