REPercussions: how geminiviruses recruit host factors for replication

Sara Shakir; Muhammad Mubin; Nazia Nahid; Saad Serfraz; Muhammad Amir Qureshi; Taek-Kyun Lee; Iram Liaqat; Sukchan Lee; Muhammad Shah Nawaz-Ul-Rehman

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2023.1224221

REPercussions: how geminiviruses recruit host factors for replication

Front Microbiol. 2023 Sep 20:14:1224221. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1224221. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Sara Shakir¹, Muhammad Mubin², Nazia Nahid³, Saad Serfraz², Muhammad Amir Qureshi⁴, Taek-Kyun Lee⁵, Iram Liaqat⁶, Sukchan Lee⁴, Muhammad Shah Nawaz-Ul-Rehman²

Affiliations

¹ Plant Genetics Lab, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liѐge, Gembloux, Belgium.
² Virology Lab, Center for Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
³ Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
⁴ Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea.
⁵ Risk Assessment Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Geoje, Republic of Korea.
⁶ Microbiology Lab, Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan.

Abstract

Circular single-stranded DNA viruses of the family Geminiviridae encode replication-associated protein (Rep), which is a multifunctional protein involved in virus DNA replication, transcription of virus genes, and suppression of host defense responses. Geminivirus genomes are replicated through the interaction between virus Rep and several host proteins. The Rep also interacts with itself and the virus replication enhancer protein (REn), which is another essential component of the geminivirus replicase complex that interacts with host DNA polymerases α and δ. Recent studies revealed the structural and functional complexities of geminivirus Rep, which is believed to have evolved from plasmids containing a signature domain (HUH) for single-stranded DNA binding with nuclease activity. The Rep coding sequence encompasses the entire coding sequence for AC4, which is intricately embedded within it, and performs several overlapping functions like Rep, supporting virus infection. This review investigated the structural and functional diversity of the geminivirus Rep.

Keywords: geminiviruses; host factors; pathogenicity; replication; virus interaction.

Publication types

Review